The Friedlaender & Wertheim bank was initially founded in 1919 as a branch of the Hamburg private bank E. Calmann, but then operated independently from 1923 onwards.

Joseph Nathan was born on September 15, 1884 in Kerpen. He lived in Cuxhaven and was a cattle dealer by trade. In 1909, his first marriage was to Lina Solmitz (born 1883) from Kampsheide (Hoya).

The couple moved from Cuxhaven to Bremervörde. They moved into their first apartment there with the master butcher Gütersloh at Neue Straße 118.

After his wife Lina died in 1933, Joseph Nathan moved from Bremervörde to Stade. Alongside the Davids family and Fritz de Jonge he was now the third Jewish cattle dealer in the town.

Adolf Heidemann was born on August 15, 1887 in Osterholz-Scharmbeck.

He was a bank clerk and married Therese Senior, born on June 5, 1891 in Halberstadt, in 1919. Their only daughter Ruth was also born there in 1920.

The family came to Stade in 1922, initially living at Bungenstra e 19 and moving into a spacious apartment at Bremerv rder Stra e 31 in 1932.

Fritz Friedlaender was born on February 3, 1920 in Stade.

His father Gotthelf Friedlaender, together with Moritz Wertheim was the owner of the Friedlaender & Wertheim banking house.

In 1933, he celebrated his bar mitzvah (religious observance) in Stade.

Fritz attended the Athenaeum until 1935, which he had to leave as the only pupil of the Jewish community in Stade due to increasing discrimination. In the following years, he prepared for emigration to Palestine.

Frieda Freudenstein, née Frenkel, was born on May 1, 1864 in Varenholz (NRW).

Frieda's sister Johanne had already moved to Stade and married the businessman David Jacobson.

After her sister's death, Frieda Frenkel took over the upbringing of her four immature children, including Ernst Ludwig Jacobson, who later became known as Ernst Harthern (pseudonym Niels Hoyer) as a writer and cultural mediator between Germany and Scandinavia.

Moritz Wertheim was born on March 25, 1880 in Helmarshausen (Hesse). He moved to Stade in 1923 and lived at Teichstrasse 6. As a partner of Gotthelf Friedlaender, he became co-owner of the small banking house Friedlaender & Wertheim in Großen Schmiedestraße.

Fritz (Friedrich Wilhelm) de Jonge was born on October 24, 1876 in Weener, East Frisia. There were several families named de Jonge in Weener, who originally came from the Netherlands. Fritz is probably the son of the butcher Abraham de Jonge and his wife Elise de Jonge, née Wolff, and thus the youngest brother of Benjamin de Jonge (born 1873) and Simon de Jonge (born 1874).

Johanna Schrangenheim lived in Stade from 1886. She converted from Judaism to Christianity.

Johanna Schragenheim worked as a seamstress in various households in Stade. She often helped the children with their schoolwork. She must have been a respected and respected person in the town. Nevertheless, after the National Socialists came to power, she experienced ostracism and discrimination and had to move house several times involuntarily.

Bertha Davids, née Spierrth

Bertha Bella Spier was born in 1865 and was married to Abraham (Albert) Davids. The marriage produced two children, Erna and Otto Davids.

The family lived in Stade from 1908, where Abraham (Albert) Davids ran his business as a cattle dealer at 31 Harsefelder Strasse. The Davids family belonged to the small Jewish community of Stade.