After a few years, the prayer room at Jacobsplan 19 became too small. On holidays, the service was moved to the inn "Zum Löwen" in Marienstraße.

In the 19th century, after the establishment of the Jewish community, a prayer hall could be inaugurated already on September 30, 1864. Until then the services had taken place in private houses of Jewish families, among others in the house of the solver Herz Kayser in Georgenstraße. The prayer hall was located in the rear building of the house Jacobsplan 19, which had been purchased by the community. 

In the 19th century, after the establishment of the Jewish community, a prayer hall could already be inaugurated on September 30, 1864. Until then, services had taken place in private homes of Jewish families, including the house of the solver Herz Kayser in Georgenstraße.

A synagogue existed in Eisenach since the Middle Ages. It was located in the then Judengasse, in the area of today's Karlsstraße 23 and existed until the 19th century. Before that, there was probably already a synagogue in the 14th century in the area of today's Löbergasse.

In September 1941, the 145 Jews still living in the city were crammed into the house at 48 Goethestraße and deported from there to Belzec and Theresienstadt in 1942. Only a few of the deportees survived until 1945.

In 1865, the Israelite religious school was founded, and in 1868 a mikvah was established (in the complex of Dobermann's baths, Clemensstraße 5).

Already Landgrave Hermann I (1190-1217), in order to promote economic life in the city, is said to have invited Jews to build houses near the market. The Jewish settlement in the "Judengasse" (today's Karlstraße), in medieval times "the best alley" in the city, could date back to this time. The first Jew known by name in Eisenach was probably the author of synagogal poetry Jechiel ben Jakob (1235). In 1283, the Eisenach city law established provisions regarding Jewish residents. In 1343 one side of the "Judengasse" burned down.

A synagogue was initially established in the manor house of the ducal domain estate in the street "Am Schloßberg". In 1819 the rooms used for this purpose were cancelled by the ducal chamber. Thereupon the services were held in a Jewish private house. 
In 1822 the Jewish community built a synagogue. It was destroyed in the great fire of Dreißigacker on May 13, 1867, to which 145 residential buildings fell victim. As a result, the exact location is unknown. The Jewish school was also completely destroyed in the fire of 1867.