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The port city of Hamburg was one of the central port cities for emigration in the 19th and 20th centuries. More than five million Jews left their homes in Eastern Europe from 1881 onwards. They fled from pogroms, miserable living conditions and restrictive laws. They arrived in Hamburg by train to embark for the sea. For most of them, the USA became their new home. When the outbreak of cholera in Hamburg in August 1892 led to persistent rumors that the disease had been brought in by the immigrants, travelers from Russia and Austria-Hungary were banned from entering the city.

The address book of the city of Berlin from 1875 contains the following entry: Lövinsohn M., Dr. med. Physician, wound specialist and obstetrician, Potsdamer Str. 112.

Justice councillor Dr. Albert Teutsch ran a law firm with his son Dr. Hans Teutsch in Nuremberg at Karolinenstrasse 38. Albert Teutsch was married to Johanna Teutsch, née Gerson, born in Nürnberg on November 8, 1873. She was a committed member of the IKG (Jewish Community of Nürnberg) and sang one of the alto parts in the synagogue choir. She emigrated to the USA in 1939. Albert Teutsch died in Nürnberg in August 1932. His son Dr. jur. Hans Teutsch founded a law firm for commercial law together with Dr. jur. Fritz (Fred) Blum at Königstr.33-37.

After the departure in 1928 of the long-serving president of the Jewish Community of Graz, founded in 1869, Kommerzialrat Simon Rendi, in 1928, he was replaced by lawyer Dr. Robert Sonnenwald. Dr. Robert Sonnenwald emigrated abroad in 1938.

The address book of the city of Stuttgart from 1922 contains the following entry: Gumbel Sigmund, Dr., Rechtsanwalt, Keplerstr. 29. I - Büro Königstr.25. 2.  - Siegmund Gumbel was born in Heilbronn on September 8, 1867. His parents were the Heilbronn banker Isaak Gumbel and his wife Gueta, née Stern. Siegmund Gumbel was admitted to the Heilbronn District Court in 1898. After moving to Stuttgart in 1913, he was admitted to the bar there in 1914. He was appointed notary public in 1926. Siegmund Gumbel had a son, Walter, born in Heilbronn in 1903. In 1929, Dr.

Dr. Leo Heidenheimer was born on May 3, 1886 in Nuremberg, the son of a merchant. He studied in Munich, Geneva, Berlin and Erlangen. He successfully completed his law studies in Erlangen in 1911 with the award of a Dr. jur. In 1912, he was admitted to the bar at the Higher Regional Court and District Court of Nürnberg-Fürth. Leo Heidenheimer was a decorated and wounded front-line officer, but this did not prevent him from being expelled from the Nürnberg Bar Association in 1938 or from being sent to Dachau concentration camp from November 12, 1938 to December 21, 1938.

The Fifth Ordinance to the Reich Citizens' Law of September 27, 1938 (RGBL. I. of October 14, 1938, No. 165) finally determined that all Jews had to be excluded from the legal profession and removed from the list of lawyers by November 30, 1938 at the latest. In Munich, 92 Jewish lawyers were disbarred in accordance with Order No. 18/38 of the Munich Bar Association. - Higher Regional Court and Regional Courts München I and II - also on the list -  Dr. August Kronacher, München. - Dr.

Dr. jur. Josef Eilbott was born on April 11, 1885 in Zweibr<cken. His parents were Adolf Eilbott and Barbara Betty Eilbott, née Kern. Josef Eilbott was married to Meta, née Steppacher, born on September 3, 1890 in Tübingen. Meta´s parents were the merchant Adolf Steppacher, born on November 27, 1849 in Ichenhausen and deceased on November 21, 1926 in Munich, and Karolina (Lina) Steppacher, née Frank, born on January 16, 1867 in Rödelsee, died on December 2, 1935 in Munich.