Wikipedia

The Israel family succeeded in building a large department store from a small family trade. Nathan Israel was a Jewish merchant who founded the N. Israel department store in 1815. The leadership was passed on within the family. Under the leadership of brothers Berthold and Hermann Israel, the department store expanded greatly, employing 1,300 people. They exported and sold travel goods, fashion items, gifts, furniture and cleaning supplies. In 1939, the company was "Aryanized" in the course of National Socialism.

Moses, Baruch and Max Reis together ran the woven goods wholesale and retail business Jakob D. Reis. Moses Reis was one of the co-founders of the Israelite religious community Adass Yeshurun, in which he also served as treasurer. One of the Torah scrolls in the possession of the community had been donated on January 11, 1933 by the then headmaster Heinrich Scheuer and Moses Reis.

In 1869, the brothers Wolf and Heinrich Schwarzenberger opened the company Schwarzenberger and Sons in Karlsruhe. In 1871 Heinrich Schwarzenberger moved the company, which had been taken over by his father Levi Schwarzenberger in Untergimpern, - trade with cotton (fabric) remnants to Heilbronn. In later times Adolf and Lothar Schwarzenberger were the owners of the company. Heinrich Schwarzenberger died in Heilbronn in 1893. His grave is located in the Jewish cemetery in Heilbronn.

Ernst and  Louise Joseph came to Dorsten in 1911. They ran a fashion store - first at Essener Straße 11, later at Markt 14, where they also lived. In 1932, the Joseph family moved to Appeldorn in Holland. With the occupation of Holland by the National Socialists, the Joseph family was also imprisoned. The son Heinz emigrated to Brazil as early as 1938. The Joseph couple with daughter Grete were deported to Auschwitz via Westerbork. Ernst and Louise Joseph were murdered in Auschwitz. Grete Joseph survived the concentration camp and emigrated to Brazil.

Victor Nördlinger, born on December 22, 1821 in Laupheim, came to Lindau in 1840. There he bought a house at Lingstraße 12. In 1860 he married Bertha Einstein from Laupheim. Victor Noerdlinger was a merchant and horse dealer. The couple had 2 sons, Max and Julius. Victor Noerdlinger died on November 21, 1885 in Lindau and is buried in the Jewish cemetery in Laupheim. His wife Bertha Noerdlinger née Einstein is also buried there. She died on May 1, 1901 in Lindau.

At St.-Apern-Straße 29–31 was from 1884 to 1942 one of the centers of Jewish life and learning in Köln.

The origins of the pencil factory Leopold Illfelder & Söhne lie in 1856, when Daniel Berolzheimer and Leopold Illfelder already founded the pencil factory Berolzheimer & Illfelder. When Daniel Berolzheimer died in 1859, his son Heinrich Berolzheimer took over his share of the company. Together with Leopold Illfelder, a branch office (Berolzheimer, Illfelder & Co.  or B. Illfelder & Co.) was founded in New York in 1861, later "Illfelder Importing Co" or "Eagle Pencil Co.".

1967 counted the community (the city with the entire government district of Osnabrück) only 64 members (25 lived in the city itself).
Despite all the difficulties and the small number of members decided the community to Osnabrück build a synagogue and a community center.

Graves of "displaced persons" 1945 at the municipal cemetery Deggendorf