In 1771 a first synagogue was built next to the cemetery (Judenberg 24). This first synagogue was demolished after 1822. According to an old tradition, a small elevation in the present southwest corner of the cemetery indicates the location of the Torah shrine of the old synagogue. 

In the Middle Ages, there is no evidence of a Jewish cemetery in Constance. The dead of the community were probably buried in Überlingen.
In the 19th century, the dead of the community were initially buried in Gailingen or Randegg. 

In 1843, the Jewish community, under its then head Max Pfälzer, bought what is now the property at Mittelgasse 16 in the center of Hemsbach.

In 1845, master builder Valentin Fuchs drew up plans for a synagogue with a school, a teacher's apartment and a bathhouse.

The plans were implemented with the construction of the Jewish community center in 1847/48. On the south side of the synagogue courtyard, a bathhouse with a ritual bath was created.