Old Jewish Cemetery  

The first burials in the Jewish Cemetery  Battonnstraße can be dated by a few gravestones to the year 1272. This makes it one of the oldest of its kind in Europe. In Judaism, the cemetery is considered an eternal resting place, and for this reason the graves may neither be dissolved nor the gravestones removed. When the capacities there are exhausted, he must be closed in 1828 with almost 7000 graves.

The Grindelviertel developed into the Jewish center of Hamburg in the 19th century. Several institutions such as synagogues, Talmud Torah schools and cemeteries for German-Israelite or Portuguese-Sephardic communities led to a strong growth of the Jewish population in Hamburg. At the time of National Socialism, approximately 25,000 Jews lived here. During the Reich Pogrom Night in 1938, most of the synagogues and community facilities were destroyed. From 1941, the remaining Jews who had not managed to escape were deported to Eastern Europe and murdered there.

In 1906 Hugo Landauer had opened a store with manufactured goods in Augsburg, which later became the department store of Landauer Bros. Goods stores of the Landauer company existed in several cities, the parent company was located in Stuttgart; the store in Augsburg, however, was considered the most important. During the Nazi era, the department store was forcibly "Aryanized".

In the Middle Ages, we learn of a synagogue in the Old Town (first mentioned in 1314 and last in 1427) and a synagogue in the Ilzstadt on the banks of the Ilz (until its destruction in 1478) on the site of St. Salvator's Church.
 
In the 19th/20th century (until the Nazi era) there was probably no prayer room. Possibly, community members met at times to hold services in one of the Jewish houses. Otherwise, services were attended in Straubing.  
   

Even before the Reformation, i.e. since the beginning of the 16th century, Jewish families are said to have been accepted in Bruck. In 1515, the Margravial Diet decided to expel the Jews, which allowed one or another family from Erlangen to settle in the neighboring community of Bruck. In 1431 Jews are mentioned in the village for the first time. In 1604 a Jewish dwelling house is mentioned. It is probably the same one mentioned in a report from 1842. According to it, the house No. 12 belonged to the Jewish community "since time immemorial".

Tombstones of the medieval cemetery ("Judensteine") can be found, among others. in Riegeldorf (from 1240, 1249), in Kelheim (from 1249), in Mintraching (1294, Catholic rectory, garden), Wolkering (wall around the church, right of the gate), Mangolding (Catholic church, left of the entrance), Tegernheim (Catholic rectory, right of the entrance), Karthaus-Prüll, Cham (town hall, stone from 1230, see page on Cham), Straubing, Neustadt a.d. Donau. A stone from 1273 was discovered in 1929 in the terrace of the new parish church (Neupfarrkirche) built on the site of the synagogue in 1519.

After the end of World War II, numerous survivors of concentration camps were taken into DP camps (camps of displaced persons) in Regensburg and the surrounding area (US zone) on the basis of the authorization of the American military administration. They were joined by survivors from Poland who had fled new pogroms in Poland (1946). In 1945, a Jewish DP (Displaced Persons) community (Jewish Community) was founded in Regensburg, whose chairmen were Jakob Gottlieb and Efraim Brenner.

The "Knabenpensionat" had been founded by the preacher Hermann Hirsch in 1917, when Hirsch had returned from his deployment in the First World War. Just two years after the founding of the boarding school, the villa at Hohe Straße 30 was owned by Hermann Hirsch. The boys' boarding school was to provide a home for boys who were attending secondary school in Coburg. Hermann Hirsch worked at the boarding school as a religion teacher.