5-Early Modern Period

The printer Chaim Schachor from Prague is considered the first to print Hebrew texts in German-speaking countries. His description as an "itinerant printer" is mainly due to the difficult political conditions for Jews and economic constraints. When the order situation was weak, Chaim Schachor was able to use the workshops of Christian printers. If he had no opportunity to print, he earned his money as a bookseller.

Karoline "Chaile" Kaulla is one of the most famous court actresses of the early modern period. Today she is best known as Madame Kaulla. After her father's death, she took over his business as court factor and continued to run the family business. Her responsibilities included army supplies as well as trade in horses, luxury goods and the granting of loans. Due to her success as court factor, she was considered the wealthiest German woman of her time. Few Jewish men received the privileges that came with the position of court factor.